The rise of Islam across India, the Middle East, and Spain kindled intellectual achievements that are still relevant today.

This early Islamic period is sometimes called the Golden Age of Islam because there were so many inventions in science and the arts at this time. The Abbasid caliphs (leaders) wanted people to learn.

Uzbekistan boasts several important astronomical sites, including observatories and landmarks that date back to the Islamic Golden Age, when scholars made significant contributions to astronomy ...