The Iron Cross, one of the most widely recognized military decorations, originated during the Napoleonic Wars in 1813 when Prussian King Frederick William III introduced it for distinguished service ...

All the Latest Game Footage and Images from Pride of Nations: The Franco-Prussian War 1870 This scenario covers the longest and bloodiest war in Europe during the 19th century. During this time, we ...

Bismarck’s War: The Franco-Prussian War and the Making of Modern Europe; By Rachel Chrastil; Basic Books; 512 pp., $35.00 This was a mechanized conflict involving modern weaponry, featuring the first ...

Over the past few months, I have been researching a painting in the Museum of Art’s collection, Hermanus Willem Koekkoek’s Council of War from around 1904. The work ostensibly depicts a moment from ...

THE capture of Napoleon III at Sedan on Sept. 2,1870, ended the Second Empire, but not the Franco-Prussian War. Invested by the German Armies, cut off from the rest of France, without defenders at the ...

Arkelian, Marjorie Dakin, "William Hahn: Genre Painter, 1829-1887," Oakland, CA: Oakland Museum, 1976, no. 46. https://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp ...