A research team has developed DeepCodon, a deep learning–based codon optimization tool that significantly improves heterologous protein expression in Escherichia coli while preserving functionally ...

Researchers discover a unique genetic code in Antarctic archaea that encodes a rare amino acid, potentially advancing protein ...

This is a summary of: Liu. H. et al. Viral RNA blocks circularization to evade host codon usage control. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09809-y (2025).

A new study finds that at least one Archaea has surprisingly flexibility when interpreting genetic code, which goes against a ...

This circular diagram represents the genetic code, showing how the four nucleotide bases of RNA (adenine [A], cytosine [C], guanine [G], and uracil [U]) form codons that specify amino acids. Each ...

During decoding, a codon of messenger RNA is matched with its cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA and the amino acid carried by the tRNA is added to the growing protein chain. Here we propose a molecular ...

DNA has often been called “the book of life,” but this popular phrase makes some biologists squirm a bit. True, DNA bears our genes, which spell out the instructions our cells use to make ...

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Living things, from bacteria to humans, depend on a workforce of proteins to carry out essential tasks within their cells. Proteins are chains of amino acids that are strung together according to ...