Optical modulation in photonic communication systems underpins the conversion of electronic signals into optical carriers for high-speed data transmission. Techniques such as amplitude-shift keying, ...

Graphene’s remarkable electronic mobility and gate-tunable optical conductivity have spurred intensive research into its use as an active medium for optical modulators. Modulation schemes based on ...

The lithium niobate thin-film modulator was designed to achieve a modulation frequency of 350 kHz within the 0–2π phase range, further realizing high speed control of optical field coherence.

Internet from space via satellite has become a topic of interest. Commercial satellite networks, such as SpaceX Starlink and Telesat LightspeedTM, aim to provide high-speed Internet to remote and ...

Japanese researchers have developed and demonstrated a microcomb-driven terahertz wireless communication system. The ...