The lumbosacral joint, also called L5-S1, is a term used to describe a part of the spine. L5-S1 is the exact spot where the lumbar spine ends and the sacral spine begins. The lumbosacral joint ...

Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy aims to preserve bony structures and cause less damage to paravertebral muscles and ligaments than open discectomy, allowing a shorter hospital stay and ...

Introduction Full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy can be performed using either the transforaminal (TELD) or interlaminar (IELD) approach. Although both techniques are widely used, the optimal approach ...

Neurosurgeon to the Spinal Injuries Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital and Departments of Neurosurgery, Royal North Shore and Dalcross Private Hospitals, Sydney, Australia Centre for Health, Exercise ...

MD is a 26-year-old female with an 8-week history of low back and right posterior leg pain, subjective leg weakness, and numbness of the posterior thigh, calf, and lateral foot. Upon presentation, her ...

A 33 year-old man developed severe low back pain radiating down the left leg. Examination showed an absent left ankle reflex and loss of sensation over the left lateral foot and posterior lateral leg.

The tough outer cover of a disc is called the annulus. It can sometimes tear, allowing the soft centre to bulge through. This is called herniation, also known as 'slipped disc'. If it presses on a ...