It's been a rough week for Microsoft users who have first- and third-party apps that rely on Azure Active Directory for authentication. Microsoft has published a root-cause analysis of its issues.

Starting in July, Microsoft will begin gradually enforcing multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all users signing into Azure to administer resources.

Starting in October, Microsoft will enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all Azure resource management actions to protect Azure clients from unauthorized access attempts.

Two cloud development services -- Azure Functions and Azure App Service -- are now available on Azure Stack, which brings cloud functionality to on-premises, hybrid implementations.